Experimental induction of hepatitis C virus in Wister albino rat

Ten Wister albino rats were used in this Experiment. 6 animals were injected intra-peritonially by 0.2 ml of Hepatitis C patients blood, while 4 animals were injected with 0.2 ml of Healthy [non- infected] persons and kept as controls. They were devided into 3 groups. The first group consisting of 2 test animals and one control were slaughtered and autopsied at 2 months of injection. The second group were 2 test animals and one control were autopsied at 4.5 months after being injected. The third group were 2 animals and one control autopsied at 5 months after injection. The postmortem .picture in the first group showed diffuse cloudy swelling of the Liver cells with proliferation of Kuppfer cells in the portal tracts which is a picture of acute hepatitis. The second group showed marked cloudy swelling of the liver cells with hypertrophy of Kuppferts cells in the portal tracts. The liver lobule near the central vein were free of fat. The third group showed chronic hepatitis with marked cloudy swelling parenchymal necrobiosis in the form of Rim pycnosis caryohexis karyopycnosos and finally karyolysis. There were marked perplasia of hepatocytes which in some places produced rounded nodules that lost the radial cord arrangement producing preneoplastic nodules that may be after a time proceed to hepatocellular carcinoma

Assessment of nutritional status of pre-school children in Assiut governorate, Egypt

Although the share of malnourished children have gradually been declining over the past 25 years, 167 million children under five years old almost one third of developing country children were estimated to be underweight. Malnutrition is directly responsible for 300,000 deaths per year in children younger than 5 years in developing countries and contributes indirectly to over half the deaths in childhood worldwide. Malnutrition in Egypt is one of the most important factors that affect Egyptian's health and development. For many years, malnutrition has been a severe blow on Egypt's population affecting individuals' production, which in turn affects its economy. The objectives are to identify the determinants of the nutritional status of the studied children and to measure the magnitude of malnutrition among preschool children in Assiut Governorate. A Cross sectional community based study design was applied. A representative sample from 3 districts of Assiut Governorate [Urban 30% and Rural 70%] in the form of cluster sampling technique, with a constant number of preschool children per cluster. A pre-structured questionnaire was used for collecting data, interviewing the mothers in order to collect socioeconomic factors, environmental factors, gastrointestinal and respiratory morbidity. Anthropometric measurements [height, weight, head circumference, mid upper arm circumference, and skin fold thickness] were recorded for each child. The total sample included 732 children aged 24-72 months with the mean age +/- SD [49.9 +/- 75. 7] months. The gender distribution was 363 [49.6%] males, and 369 [50.4%] females, illiteracy was 211 [41.5%] mothers and 141 fathers 27.7%].Working status of mothers 53 [10.4%] mothers were working outside the home. 499 mothers [98.0%] had piped water supply in their houses, By using weight/ age Z-score [WAZ] 11.1% were under weight, using height/age Z-score [HAZ] 28.4%.were stunted and using weight for height Z-score [WHZ] 6.2% were wasted. Stunting constitutes a significant public-health problem among the pre-school children in Assiut Governorate, while under-nutrition represents a relatively less common problem. Interventions to improve socioeconomic and environmental situations are recommended to overcome these problems

Blood pressure variability in acute cerebral infraction and hemorrhage

This study included 115 patients with acute cerebrovascular stroke [63 patients with thromboembolic infraction, 28 patients with lacunar infarction and 24 patients with intracerebral hemorrhage] as well as 49 age and sex matched patients with other than acute cerebrovascular stroke were taken as a control group. There was a significant transient elevation of both mean systolic [SBP] and diastolic blood pressure [DBF] in the first day of admission in the various subtypes of stroke patients compared with the seventh day. The initial elevation of blood pressure was not due to stress of hospitalization because it was not present in the control group. There was a significant positive correlation between the elevation of systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in the first day in both thromboembolic and lacunar subtype. It was concluded that there was a spontaneous decline in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure after acute stroke; so, the use of antihypertensive drugs must be carefully judged in those patients

Contraceptive knowledge and practice in rural El-Ghanayem, Assiut, Upper Egypt

A cross-section and community-based study was designed to study 1274 currently married women of reproductive age from four villages, El- Ghanayem District, Assiut Governorate, 1996. A house-to-house survey was conducted using a pre-designed questionnaire to find the contraceptive knowledge, use and the affecting factors. The mean age at marriage was 18.4 +/- 3 years, the mean number of pregnancies was 5.8 +/- 3.5 and the mean number of living children was 3.9 +/- 2.3. The results also revealed that family planning knowledge is very high [93.30%], while the use is very low [16.7%]. IUD's [54%] and pills [33.8%] were the most commonly used methods of contraception. Mass 95 media and rural health unit were the main sources of knowledge of used methods [as 46% of the methods were delivered by the rural health unit]. TV sets that regularly deliver family planning messages and education were behind the high proportion of family planning awareness

use of three Ascarid antigens in serodiagnosis of visceral larva migrans in clinically suspected patients

The syndrome of visceral larva migrans [VLM] is a zoonotic disease caused by migration of nematode larvae especially ascarids in human tissues. In the present study serum samples of 40 clinically suspected patients of VLM with persistent unexplained eosinophilia were tested by ELISA IgG and Western-immunoblotting assays for antibodies of three ascarids [Parascaris equorum, Toxocara vitulorum and Toxascaris leonina]. Embryonated egg extract antigens of these ascarids were used for serodiagnosis. By ELISA test the percentage of positivity was 42.5 percent with P.equorum, 40 percent with T.vitulorum and 30 percent with T.leonina antigens. By Western-blot assay, the seropositivity was 42.5 percent with P.equorum and 25 percent with T.vitulorum antigens. 27.5 percent of tested sera reacted with T.leonina antigen and showed single band at 65 KDa. This band was previously proven to be specific for Toxocara canis infection only. Some cases showed seropositivity for two or three species of ascarid antigens. The relationship between the seropositivity, clinical symptoms, eosinophilia and age groups was discussed. The use of two immunological assays and three types of ascarid antigens in the present study revealed for the first time the role of P.equorum and Toxocara vitulorum as causative agents of human VLM in Upper Egypt

Thermography of myocardial ischaemia

Thermography of myocardial ischemia was reported both at rest and after effort in 76 males from El-Ekal El-Bahary Village. In general, MI is associated with loss of serial correlation between thermophilc profile components somewhere over the heart. This may be associated with disturbed function of the muscle of the heart and appear to lend a good hand for thermophilc diagnosis of MI. Hitherto, M. infarct can be defined as state of loss of serial correlation between the different parts of the myocardium. That correlation is highly preserved in the normal myocardium

outbreak of enterica in El-Waledya area Assiut district

61 cases of enterica confirmed by Widal's test were studied in an outbreak in El-Husain Clinic in El-Waledya area [population 41602 census 1986]. They mainly presented with fever, coated tongue, constipation and splenomegaly. It was found that enterica is constantly endemic in this area but it tends to increase in summer and autumn. The highest frequency of cases occur among age group 20 - 30 years which may be related to food intake from food handlers. In a trial to find the source of infection, mapping of the area and determination of residence have been done. Also, the absence of public sanitary disposal may be related to the outbreak. Sensitivity of the organism to chloramphenicol was 85.2%. Mixed infection, i.e. typhoid and paratyphoid, were recorded [3.2%]